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【目的】分析某部队中老年体检人群5年间代谢综合征（M S ）现状及其相关危险因素，为制定防治策略提供依据。【方法】在本院体检中心2008年进行体检的部队体检人群中选取中老年体检者17541例，2013年复查同一人群，共纳入10124例，比较5年间该人群体检指标变化情况并了解心脑血管病发病率、病死率。【结果】2013年与2008年相比，该人群的体质量指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、血脂、血糖水平、血压水平及相应的M S患病率、肥胖的患病率均升高，且差异有统计学意义（ P ＜0．05）。心脑血管病患病率为19．8％，病死率5．0％。【结论】2013年某部队体检人群M S的患病率与2008年相比均显著升高，应根据其影响因素进行预防。“,”To analyze the status and related risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) among elderly medical examination people in PLA troop within 5 years in order to provide the basis for formulating the prevention and control strategy .[Methods] A total of 17541 elderly subjects in medical examination center of our hospital of a PLA troop in 2008 were chosen .The same population were reexamined in 2013 ,and 10124 cases were enrolled in the study .The changes of medical examination indexes among the people within 5 years were compared .The incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and the fatality rate were ana-lyzed .[Results]Compared with 2008 ,BMI ,waist circumference (WC) ,blood lipid ,blood glucose ,blood pressure ,the prevalence of MS and the prevalence of obesity in 2013 were increased ,and there were significant differences( P <0 .05) .The prevalence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease was 19 .8% ,and the fa-tality rate was 5 .0% .[Conclusion]Compared with 2008 ,the prevalence of MS among military physical exam-ination population is markedly increased .Prevention should be taken according to the influencing factors of MS .