一、引言我国煤炭开采塌陷土地累计已达110×104hm2,造成的经济损失累计已超过500亿元。如果采煤塌陷土地以0.2~0.3hm2/104t煤估算,全国每年新增塌陷地面积约为2.7~4.1×104hm2。因此,采煤塌陷地复垦已成为我国土地复垦的紧要任务。随着人口、资源与环境的 I. INTRODUCTION The total amount of land subsided by coal mining in China has reached 110 × 104hm2, causing an economic loss of more than 50 billion yuan. If the coal mining subsidence area is estimated at 0.2 ~ 0.3hm2 / 104t coal, the newly increased subsidence area in the whole country will be about 2.7 ~ 4.1 × 104hm2. Therefore, the mining subsidence reclamation has become an urgent task of land reclamation. With population, resources and environment