80年代以来,国际货币基金组织和世界银行作为国际金融机构,在发展中国家债务重新安排和提供新贷款方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。这两个国际金融机构认为,债务国要重建债信和偿债能力、恢复经济增长,必须对宏观经济政策和经济结构进行重大调整,它们为此提出了一系列政策建议。在大多数情况下,债务国只要原则上同意按照这些政策建议对经济进行调整,就能获得上述两个金融机构在资金上的支持;一些私人银行也亦步亦趋,把 Since the 1980s, the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, as the international financial institutions, have played an increasingly important role in reorganizing their debts and providing new loans to developing countries. The two international financial institutions believe that debtor countries need to rebuild their credit and solvency and resume economic growth. They must make major adjustments to their macroeconomic policies and economic structures. They have formulated a series of policy recommendations for this purpose. In most cases, as long as the debtor countries agree in principle to adjust their economies according to these policy recommendations, they will be able to obtain financial support from the two financial institutions mentioned above. Some private banks are also moving towards