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Thermoelectric (TE) coolers and generators, as a kind of all solid-state energy conversion devices that can directly convert thermal energy to electricity and vice versa, have been considered as one of the potential solutions to energy crisis.The key challenges for TE devices are how to improve efficiency and lower cost.In this lecture, we will discuss the various scientific developments on TE materials and device and solar TE-PV hybrid power generation system in China, focusing mainly on the R&D activities in the group of the national basic research program of China (973 program) entitled "Basic research on high-efficiency TE materials and device for large-scale applications".