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目的了解医院感染分布特点和病原菌类型,为预防和控制医院感染提供科学依据。方法采用前瞻性监测为主,结合临床医师报告的方法,对2009年1-12月24 257例住院患者进行调查。结果 24 257例住院患者中,1111例发生医院感染,感染率为4.58%,感染1350例次,例次感染率为5.57%;感染部位居前2位的依次为呼吸道、泌尿道,分别占76.89%、5.48%;检出的病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占56.70%,革兰阳性球菌占11.46%,真菌占31.84%。结论针对医院感染现状,在医院感染率高的部分科室开展目标性监测,严格执行医院感染标准操作规程,严格规范抗菌药物的使用,加强医院感染病原菌的监测。
Objective To understand the distribution of nosocomial infections and the types of pathogens in order to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of nosocomial infections. Methods Based on prospective monitoring, 24 257 inpatients from January to December in 2009 were investigated in combination with the methods reported by clinicians. Results Among 24 257 hospitalized patients, 1111 cases developed nosocomial infection with a prevalence of 4.58% and 1350 cases with an infection rate of 5.57%. The top two infections were respiratory tract and urinary tract, accounting for 76.89 % And 5.48% respectively. Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogens detected, accounting for 56.70%, Gram-positive cocci accounting for 11.46% and fungi accounting for 31.84%. Conclusion In view of the current status of nosocomial infections, we conducted targeted monitoring in some departments with high rates of nosocomial infection, strictly followed the standard operating procedures for nosocomial infections, strictly regulated the use of antimicrobial agents, and strengthened the surveillance of nosocomial pathogenic bacteria.