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小分子荧光探针应用于检测污染物具有高选择性、高灵敏度和可视化等优点,但其检测效率低,难以与本体分离回收,对环境有一定污染。通过化学方法将小分子荧光探针负载到介孔材料表面,可以克服小分子荧光探针的不足,实现小分子荧光探针和介孔材料的优势互补。基于介孔材料的荧光探针不但兼具了小分子荧光探针的识别及清除功能,还可以通过调整介孔材料孔径大小和孔材料的成分实现更低浓度的检测,提高检测的灵敏度。本文首先综述了近年来基于介孔材料的不同类型荧光探针的研究进展,重点阐述荧光探针修饰的介孔材料在重金属离子检测、有机小分子检测、生物分子检测和阴离子检测等方面的应用,最后对基于介孔材料的荧光探针发展方向进行了展望。
Small molecule fluorescent probes are used to detect pollutants with high selectivity, high sensitivity and visualization, but their detection efficiency is low, it is difficult to separate and recover with the ontology, and pollute the environment. The chemical method of loading the small molecule fluorescent probe onto the surface of the mesoporous material can overcome the shortcomings of the small molecule fluorescent probe and realize the complementary advantages of the small molecule fluorescent probe and the mesoporous material. Mesoporous material based on the fluorescence probe not only combines the identification and removal of small molecule fluorescent probes, but also by adjusting the pore size of mesoporous materials and pore material composition to achieve lower concentrations of detection, improve the detection sensitivity. In this paper, the research progress of different types of fluorescent probes based on mesoporous materials in recent years is reviewed. The applications of fluorescent probe-modified mesoporous materials in the detection of heavy metal ions, organic small molecules, biomolecules and anionic detection are reviewed. Finally, the prospect of fluorescence probes based on mesoporous materials was prospected.