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由于低渗透储层具有低孔、低渗特征,其孔隙结构异常复杂,表现出非达西渗流,存在启动压力梯度。水平井技术作为开发低渗透储层的有效技术之一,具有泄油面积大、单井产量高、穿透度大、储量动用程度高等优点。本文采用拟三维思想,利用积分法推导了水平井在水平面上的流函数和势函数。并针对低渗透储层存在启动压力梯度,计算直井-水平井联合布井时的极限井距,结合等产量一源一汇典型解,对比联合布井与纯直井布井时极限井距的差异。并得到不同水平井段长度下,极限井距与启动压力梯度之间的关系。经实例验证,此方法对直井-水平井联合布井确定合理井距开发低渗透储层具有一定的指导意义。
Because of their low porosity and low permeability characteristics, the pore structure of the low permeability reservoir is extremely complicated and non-Darcy seepage is present. There is a starting pressure gradient. As one of the effective technologies for developing low permeability reservoirs, horizontal well technology has the advantages of large drainage area, high production per well, high penetration and high reserves utilization. In this paper, using quasi-three-dimensional thinking, the integral method is used to derive the flow and potential functions of horizontal wells on the horizontal plane. In view of the start-up pressure gradient of low permeability reservoir, the limit well spacing of vertical well-horizontal well combined with wellbore is calculated. According to the typical solution of equal output and source-sink, . And get the relationship between the limit well spacing and the starting pressure gradient at different horizontal intervals. The example verified that this method is of guiding significance to the development of low permeability reservoirs in determining the reasonable well spacing of vertical wells and horizontal wells.