论文部分内容阅读
以氮丙啶(ethyleneimine)0.2％和0.4％两种浓度,1小时和3小时两种浸种时间,对引种于印度尼西亚南加里曼丹潮汐沼泽地的8个品种的干种子进行了处理,以引变早熟、矮秆突变而不影响对沼泽条件的耐受性.M_1代种子的发芽率与其颖花育性间具有正相关关系,今后进行试验时可用来确定适宜的处理剂量。从两种有效处理(0.2％,3小时;和0.4％,3小时)的M_1代植株所选单穗繁殖得1844个M_2后代供作进一步筛选。1979年旱季在自然长日照条件对M_2家系进行筛选结果,从品种Siyam Halus的突变(IR29386)中获得了对光周期不敏感的类型,并从品种Siyam Kuning(IR30446)中获得中秆而对光周期敏感的突变。在湿季,把早熟突变体繁殖为M_3植株后代以纯育其早熟性;即令在短日照条件下,它们较其亲本品种约可早熟1个月。中秆型突变体的株高低于其亲本约35厘米,而且仍保持着亲本固有的大多数性状。分蘖力得到了增进而颖花数略有减少。据初步鉴定,突变体能很好地适应潮汐沼泽地条件,唯较原品种Siyam Kuning迟熟。对此将于1981年采用几种播种期作进一步研究.如果氮丙啶用于转变植株高度具有特效,应认为是今后改良具有特适性品种的手段.
Eight varieties of dry seeds introduced in the tidal marshland of South Kalimantan, Indonesia were treated with two kinds of immersion time of 0.2% and 0.4% of ethyleneimine, 1 hour and 3 hours. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between germination percentage and spikelet fertility of M_1 generation seeds and could be used to determine the appropriate treatment dose in future experiments. 1844 M_2 offspring were bred from the single ear selected for the M_1 plants of two potent treatments (0.2%, 3 h; and 0.4%, 3 h) for further selection. In the dry season of 1979, the M_2 lines were screened under natural long-day conditions. The light-insensitive types were obtained from the mutation of Siyam Halus (IR29386), and the medium-stalk was obtained from Siyam Kuning (IR30446) Cycle-sensitive mutations. In the wet season, precocious mutants were propagated as M_3 progeny to purely fertilize their precocious species; that is, they were about 1 month ahead of their parental varieties under short daylight conditions. The stalk-type mutant has a plant height about 35 cm below its parent, and still retains most of the traits inherent in the parent. Tillering power was improved and the number of spikes slightly decreased. According to preliminary identification, the mutant can adapt well to the conditions of tidal wetlands, only late than the original breed Siyam Kuning. Several sowing dates will be used for further studies in 1981. If aziridine is used to alter plant height with special effects, it should be considered as a means to improve the availability of adapted varieties in the future.