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目的评估黔南州消除麻风病危害行动实施4年的疫情变化,为及时调整防治措施提供依据。方法分别对全州2012-2015年与2008-2011年麻风新病例发现率、患病率,新病例中确诊时年龄<15岁、诊断延迟期≤2年、Ⅱ畸残等相关指标进行比较分析。结果 2012-2015年与2008-2011年,新病例发现率分别是0.51/10万和0.63/10万(P>0.05),2012-2015年发现率依次是1.01/10万、0.46/10万、0.24/10万和0.34/10万(P<0.01),2011与2012年发现率分别是0.52/10万和1.01/10万(P<0.01);患病率分别是1.41/10万和2.04/10万(P<0.01),2012-2015年患病率依次是2.08/10万、1.45/10万、1.35/10万和0.78/10万(P<0.01);分别发现确诊时年龄<15岁1例和2例、诊断延迟期≤2年39例和59例、Ⅱ畸残26例和35例、依次占发现病例数1.19%和1.98%,46.43%和58.42%,30.95%和34.65%(P均>0.05)。结论黔南州麻风病疫情得到进一步控制,普查前后4年诊断延迟期≤2年病例均发现不足,有待提高。
Objective To evaluate the epidemic situation of Qiannan Prefecture for eliminating leprosy endangering during 4 years of operation and provide the basis for timely adjustment of prevention and control measures. Methods The detection rates of new leprosy cases in 2012-2015 and 2008-2011 in Jeonju, the prevalence, the age at diagnosis of new cases <15 years, the diagnostic delay period of ≤ 2 years, and the disability of Ⅱ were compared and analyzed respectively . Results The detection rates of new cases were 0.51 / 100,000 and 0.63 / 100,000 respectively between 2012-2015 and 2008-2011 (P> 0.05). The detection rates in 2012-2015 were 1.01 / 100,000 and 0.46 / 100,000 respectively, (P <0.01). The detection rates in 2011 and 2012 were 0.52 / 100000 and 1.01 / 100000 respectively (P <0.01). The prevalences were 1.41 / 100000 and 2.04 / (P0.01). The prevalence rates in 2012-2015 were 2.08 / lakh, 1.45 / lakh, 1.35 / lakh and 0.78 / lakh respectively (P <0.01). The age at diagnosis was <15 years 1 case and 2 cases, 39 cases and 59 cases with delayed diagnosis of ≤ 2 years, 26 cases with Ⅱ malocclusion and 35 cases, accounting for 1.19% and 1.98%, 46.43% and 58.42%, 30.95% and 34.65% of the cases, respectively P> 0.05). Conclusion The epidemic situation of leprosy in Qiannan Prefecture has been further controlled. The cases with delayed diagnosis of ≤ 4 years before and after the census were found to be deficient and need to be improved.