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目的 调查空降兵部队新兵伞训期间膳食营养状况,探讨营养保障问题。方法 采用生活观察法、记帐法计算新兵伞训时每人每日热能消耗量、体力活动时间,结合实验室检查结果评定新兵营养状况。结果 每人每日的热能消耗量为17.04±1.31MJ,全训日净体力活动时间560.2±48.2 min。每人每日能量摄入为16.4MJ,不能满足需要。蛋白质摄入量偏低,膳食结构不合理。训练强度大、时间长,体重减轻2kg以上者占78％。维生素、无机盐摄入量不足,视黄醇当量不足者占54％,核黄素缺乏症12％,抗坏血酸缺乏症占36％。实验室检查,血清总蛋白、白蛋白、血红蛋白、血清钙普遍降低。结论 新兵伞训期间热能摄入不足,膳食结构不合理,蛋白质、维生素偏低,造成体重下降。应改进营养保障,合理平衡膳食,调整营养供给量。
Objective To investigate the dietary nutritional status of paratroops recruits during parachute training and to explore the issue of nutrition security. Methods Daily life observation method and accounting method were used to calculate daily heat consumption and physical activity time of recruits during paratrooper training, and the nutritional status of recruits was evaluated according to the results of laboratory tests. Results The daily energy consumption per person was 17.04 ± 1.31MJ, and the net exercise time of the whole training day was 560.2 ± 48.2 min. Energy intake per person per day is 16.4MJ, can not meet the needs. Low protein intake, dietary structure is not reasonable. Training intensity, a long time, weight loss 2kg or more accounted for 78%. Inadequate intake of vitamins and inorganic salts, 54% of retinoids, 12% of riboflavin deficiency, and 36% of ascorbate deficiency. Laboratory tests, serum total protein, albumin, hemoglobin, serum calcium decreased generally. Conclusion During the recruit training, the caloric intake is insufficient, the dietary structure is irrational, the protein and vitamins are low, and the body weight is decreased. Should improve nutrition protection, a reasonable balance of diet, adjust nutrition supply.