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目的评价江苏省南京市社区慢病综合干预效果。方法采用随机整群抽方法,于2004年对南京市3个城区和1个郊县35岁及以上的4 293人进行慢病基线调查。然后,对研究对象实施为期3年的健康教育、健康促进、临床义诊、定期随访等社区慢病综合干预,于2007年进行终期调查。结果终期共调查3567人,随访率为83.1%。经过干预,高血压、糖尿病患病知晓率,居民定期测量血压率、定期测量血糖率,健康生活方式和健康饮食习惯的比率均有所提高。其中,定期测量血压率(χ2=44.25,P<0.01)和糖尿病知晓率(χ2=26.10,P<0.01)有显著提高;饮酒比例显著下降(χ2=47.93,P<0.01)。结论以社区为平台对居民实施干预措施是进行慢性病防制的一条有效途径。
Objective To evaluate the effect of community-based chronic disease intervention in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. Methods A randomized cluster sampling method was used to carry out a baseline survey of chronic diseases in 4 293 people aged 35 and above in three urban districts of Nanjing and one suburban county in 2004. Then, we conducted a final investigation in 2007 on a three-year comprehensive community-based chronic disease intervention such as health education, health promotion, clinical clinic consultation and regular follow-up. Results A total of 3567 final survey, the follow-up rate was 83.1%. After intervention, the prevalence of hypertension, prevalence of diabetes, residents’ regular blood pressure measurement, regular measurement of blood sugar, healthy lifestyle and healthy eating habits all increased. Among them, the rate of regular measurement of blood pressure (χ2 = 44.25, P <0.01) and awareness of diabetes (χ2 = 26.10, P <0.01) increased significantly; alcohol consumption decreased significantly (χ2 = 47.93, P <0.01). Conclusion Community-based intervention in residents is an effective way to prevent chronic diseases.