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平原地区渠道补给或排泄地下水的流量各多少的问题,是灌溉、排水和以渠道为均衡区边界的地下水均衡研究等工作时所需要的数据。为了求得这一数据,一般需进行大量的勘探和试验工作,在隔水底板埋藏很深时,这样做不仅技术复杂而且很不经济。本文试图在某些合理的假设下,用那些比较容易获得的资料,推导出一个简单的公式来解决这一问题。1、条件的假设1.假设渠道附近潜水的隔水底板为水平或承压含水层的厚度不变。2.渠道两岸附近范围内的含水层性质一致,即渠道两边含水层的平均渗透系数相等。Ⅰ、公式的推导、因素的测定和使用渠道补给或排泄地下水的流量(见附图),根据达尔西定律知:
The problem of the amount of groundwater recharged or drained in plain areas is the data required for irrigation, drainage and groundwater equilibria studies where the channel is the equilibrium zone boundary. In order to obtain this data, extensive exploration and testing work is generally required, which is not only technically complex and uneconomical when buried deep in water barriers. This article attempts to use some of the more readily available information under certain reasonable assumptions to derive a simple formula to solve this problem. 1, the assumptions of the conditions 1. Assuming that the water diversion floor near the channel is horizontal or the thickness of the confined aquifer does not change. 2. The aquifers in the vicinity of both sides of the channel are of the same nature, that is, the average permeability coefficient of aquifers on both sides of the channel is equal. I. The derivation of the formula, the determination of the factors and the flow of groundwater recharged or drained using the channel (see the attached figure), according to Dalsetian’s law: