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20世纪哲学出现了语言转向,分析哲学活动大行其道。分析活动表面看来似乎是借助于对日常语言和语法的分析廓清语义,从而消除哲学意义的模糊,找到解决哲学争论的门径。其实,分析活动背后深层的原因还是借助于语言分析寻求科学范式,找到确证的知识和真理。那么,基于语言的哲学或者语言哲学能否成为表征自然或者自在的世界的镜子呢?本文从语言和语义学理的角度说明:(1)语言学领域所谓的科学范式不能解决生活世界语言和意义问题;(2)语言哲学领域的许多逻辑和科学尝试都不能解决生活世界的语言和意义问题;(3)语言和言语有生成的语境,有生成的历史和历史性,言语事件的偶然性更不可能被所谓的普遍语言准则所涵盖。要研究语言和意义,必须回到生活世界和人本身。
20th century philosophy appeared language shift, analysis of philosophy activities popular. Analyzing the surface of the activity seems to be based on the analysis of everyday language and grammar to clarify semantics, thus eliminating the ambiguity of philosophical meaning and finding a solution to the philosophical debate. In fact, the underlying reason behind the analysis is to seek a scientific paradigm by means of linguistic analysis and find conclusive knowledge and truth. Then, can language-based philosophy or linguistic philosophy become a mirror for representing nature or the world at ease? From the perspectives of language and semantics, this paper shows that: (1) the so-called scientific paradigms in linguistics can not solve the problem of language and meaning in the world of life ; (2) many logical and scientific attempts in the field of language philosophy can not solve the problem of language and meaning in the world of life; (3) the generated context of language and speech has historical and historical origins; It may be covered by so-called universal language guidelines. To study the language and meaning, we must return to the life world and the people themselves.