对一整体蜗壳转桨式水轮机上进行试验和理论数字的损失分析表明， 基于标准ｋε扰动模型的数字模拟还不足以准确地取代模型试验， 需要开发更精密的扰动模型并使之标准化 Experimental and theoretical loss analysis of a whole volute turbine with a paddle turbine shows that numerical simulations based on the standard k-ε perturbation model are not enough to accurately replace model tests and require the development and standardization of more sophisticated perturbation models