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T-54中型坦克是前苏联20世纪40年代末开始装备的坦克。1944年,前苏联在总结第二次世界大战的经验后,在早期的T-34/85坦克的基础上研制成功了T-44坦克。其创新之处是:加厚了装甲;采用了扭杆悬挂;将发动机横置,从而缩短了车体长度;取消了机电员,将航向机枪固定在车体上由驾驶员控制发射。但T-44仍安装T-34/85坦克的85毫米火炮。为提高火力,1946年莫罗佐夫设计局将D-10型100毫米火炮安装在T-44坦克的车体上,便成为T-54中型坦克。
T-54 medium tank is the Soviet Union the beginning of the late 1940s equipped tanks. In 1944, after drawing lessons from the experience of World War II, the former Soviet Union successfully developed the T-44 tank on the basis of the early T-34/85 tanks. Its innovations are: thickened armor; the use of torsion bar suspension; the engine transverse, thereby shortening the length of the body; cancel the mechanic, the orientation of the machine gun fixed on the body by the pilot-controlled launch. However, T-44 still installed T-34/85 tank 85 mm artillery. In order to improve the firepower, Morozov Design Bureau installed the D-10 100mm artillery on the body of a T-44 tank in 1946 and became a T-54 medium tank.