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大部分关于海底原油管道泄漏特征的研究仅针对海面泄漏或者海底垂向大口径泄漏,缺少对水平方向微孔原油泄漏特性的分析。在此,进行水平方向泄漏实验,获得在不同管内压力及不同泄漏孔径下,原油到达水面的时间、泄漏量的关系。结合多相流及数值计算理论,建立了水下管道水平方向泄漏数值模型,仿真模拟了海流、原油密度、含气率等参数的变化对水下管道水平方向泄漏运动形态的影响。研究表明:海流流速越大,原油上升到水面的时间越长,且在水平方向漂移的距离也越大;在一定的泄漏孔径下,管内压力越大,泄漏量也越大,原油在水平方向的运动时间也越长。研究结果为处理管道泄漏事件提供理论依据。
Most of the studies on the characteristics of the seabed crude oil pipeline leakage only focus on the sea surface leakage or vertical large-diameter seafloor leakage, and lack the analysis on the leakage characteristics of horizontal micropore crude oil. Here, horizontal leakage experiments were conducted to obtain the relationship between the time and the amount of leakage of crude oil reaching the water surface under different tube pressures and different leakage apertures. Combined with multi-phase flow and numerical calculation theory, a numerical model of horizontal leakage of underwater pipeline was established. The influence of the variation of parameters such as current, crude oil density and gas content on the horizontal leakage of underwater pipeline was simulated. The results show that the larger the flow velocity, the longer the crude oil goes up to the surface of the water and the greater the drift distance in the horizontal direction. The larger the pressure inside the tube is, the larger the pressure inside the tube is and the larger the leakage is in the horizontal direction The longer the exercise time. The results provide a theoretical basis for handling pipeline leakage events.