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目的本课题旨在研究外源性表面活性剂在咽鼓管开放功能中的作用，寻找咽鼓管功能障碍的原因，以探索航空性中耳炎的新的治疗方法。方法选用健康豚鼠４０只（８０耳）排除外耳及中耳疾患。利用低压舱对豚鼠模拟飞行反复减压，制作反复性中耳腔压力损伤的动物模型，通过鼓室内注入外源性表面活性剂，在不同状态下使实验动物咽鼓管的被动开放压不同，从而测定所注入的表面活性物质的作用。所选仪器为美国Ｖｉｒｆｕａｌ３１０声导抗仪、ＭＬ－１００型：Ｎｄ－ＹＡＧ激光治疗仪等。表面活性剂Ｔｗｅｅｎ２０由美国Ｓｉｇｍａ公司提供。结果成功测试了６３只耳的咽鼓管被动开放压。有渗出耳的被动开放压高于正常对照组，有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）；有渗出耳注入外源性的表面活性剂后的被动开放压明显降低，与注射前比较有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．００１）。注入生理盐水后，有渗出耳和无渗出耳的咽鼓管被动开放压回升。结论外源性的表面活性剂对咽鼓管开放有促进作用。提示有可能建立一种预防和治疗航空性中耳炎的新方法。
Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of exogenous surfactant in the opening function of the eustachian tube to find out the causes of Eustachian tube dysfunction in order to explore the new treatment of aviation otitis media. Methods Forty healthy guinea pigs (80 ears) were selected to exclude the external ear and middle ear disorders. The experimental model of repetitive middle ear cavity pressure injury was made by repeatedly depressurizing the guinea pig with a low pressure cabin. The exogenous surfactant was injected into the tympanic cavity to change the passive open pressure of the eustachian tube in different states. Thereby measuring the effect of the surface-active substance injected. Selected instruments for the United States Virfual310 acoustic conductivity instrument, ML-100 type: Nd-YAG laser treatment instrument. Surfactant Tween20 provided by the United States Sigma. Results 63 ears of the eustachian tube were tested for passive open pressure. The passive open pressure with exudative ear was significantly higher than that of the normal control group (P <0.01). Passive open pressure was significantly decreased after exudative ear injection of exogenous surfactant. Compared with pre-injection There was a significant difference (P <0.001). After injection of saline, exudate ear and no exudate ear eustachian tube passive open pressure back up. Conclusion Exogenous surfactant can promote the opening of eustachian tube. Suggesting that it is possible to establish a new method of prevention and treatment of otitis media.