[目的]了解东莞市重症手足口病流行特征,为进一步制定防控策略提供科学依据。[方法]对东莞市2011年重症手足口病病例监测资料进行分析。[结果]2011年东莞报告手足口病病例21 877例,其中重症病例94例,占4.30‰。94例重症手足口病94例中,死亡2例,病死率为2.13%;5～7月发病的占62.77%;男性占62.77%,女性占37.23%;散居儿童占76.60%,幼托儿童占20.21%,学生占3.19%;6～11月龄的占6.38%,1～3岁的占81.91%,4～9岁的占11.70%;本地户籍的占20.21%,外地户籍的占79.79%。检测94例重症病例的肛拭子标本,肠道病毒核酸阳性率为90.43%,其中EV71病毒核酸阳性率为72.34%,其他肠道病毒核酸阳性率为13.83%,Cox A16病毒核酸阳性率为4.26%。94例重症病例中,中等热、高热的占90.43%,手足口臀3处及以上部位有皮疹的占78.72%,手足抖动的占76.60%,易惊的占60.64%,惊厥的占39.36%。[结论]东莞市2011年重症手足口病病例以1～3岁散居儿童为主,主要由EV71型病毒引起。 [Objective] To understand the epidemic characteristics of severe hand-foot-mouth disease in Dongguan and provide scientific basis for further developing prevention and control strategies. [Method] The data of 2011 monitoring cases of severe hand-foot-mouth disease in Dongguan City were analyzed. [Results] 21 877 HFMD cases were reported in Dongguan in 2011, of which 94 cases were severe cases accounting for 4.30 ‰. In 94 cases of severe HFMD, 94 cases were dead, with a mortality rate of 2.13%; 62.77% of cases were diagnosed from May to July; 62.77% of them were male and 37.23% of them were female; 76.5% of them were scattered children; 20.21%, students accounted for 3.19%; 6 ~ 11 months accounted for 6.38%, 1 ~ 3 years old accounted for 81.91%, 4 ~ 9 years old accounted for 11.70%; local household registration accounted for 20.21%, foreign household accounts for 79.79%. In 94 cases of severe swabs, the positive rate of enterovirus nucleic acid was 90.43%. The positive rate of EV71 virus was 72.34%, the positive rate of other enterovirus nucleic acids was 13.83%, and the positive rate of Cox A16 virus was 4.26 %. Among 94 severe cases, 90.43% were moderately fever and high fever, 78.72% had rash on the three or more points of hand, foot and mouth, 76.60% of hands and feet jittery, 60.64% were easy to shock, and 39.36% were convulsions. [Conclusion] The cases of severe hand-foot-mouth disease in Dongguan City in 2011 were mainly 1-3 years-old diaspora, mainly caused by EV71 virus.