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“天下”是《庄子》的重要概念,体现了《庄子》对天下理想秩序的向往、想象和建构,亦渗透着《庄子》的精神超越和升华过程。《庄子》天下观经历了由内篇的向往想象到后学的参与治理的变化。其中贯穿着一条主线:天下是否能够治理、是否应该治理和如何治理。在内篇看似消极的疏离天下的乱世求生中,《庄子》以天下无须变革的观点省思世俗的天下治理观。在天下是否需要治理和如何治理的追问中,内篇和后学一样能为后世提供可借鉴的方案。万物无扰作为天下理想秩序的显现,交陈着庄子个体价值理念的实践和现实人生的亲证,萃聚出《庄子》天下观:天下是归属万物的和无须治理的;天下是不可分疏的;至人是无用无为的。这不同于天下归属民心天意,由圣人治理的儒家天下观。
“World ” is an important concept of “Zhuang Zi”, embodies the “Zhuangzi” yearning for the ideal world order, imagination and construction, but also permeate the spirit of “Zhuang Zi” transcendence and sublimation process. “Zhuangzi” concept of the world has experienced the imagination from the inner part of the imagination to participate in governance changes. One runs through the main line: whether the world can govern, whether it should be governance and how to govern. In the seemingly negative alienation from the world in the chaos of survival, “Zhuangzi” in the world no need to change the thinking of the world view of world governance. In the world whether the need for governance and how to govern the question, the inner and post-school can provide for future generations to learn from the program. As a manifestation of the ideal order in the world, we must pay attention to the practice of Zhuangzi’s individual value concept and the pro-certificate of real life, and gather the concept of “Zhuangzi”: the world belongs to all things and needs no governance; the world is inseparable ; To human is useless inaction. This is different from the worldly aspirations of the people, the Confucian world dominated by saints.