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目的了解2007—2011年上海市青浦区感染性腹泻致病菌的发生、病原构成、流行特征及变化趋势,探讨防治对策。方法收集2007—2011年12月期间青浦区监测点医院肠道门诊腹泻病例的粪便或肛拭子标本7 268份,对哨点监测医院中就诊的腹泻病患者,采集肛拭子标本进行增菌后,分别接种在以下5种培养基(双洗碱性蛋白胨水、WS琼脂、麦康凯琼脂(MAC)和木糖赖氨酸去氧胆酸钠(XLD)、山梨醇麦康凯琼脂)中作霍乱弧菌、沙门菌、志贺菌以及致病性大肠埃希菌、疑似O157的检验。结果在7 268份标本中,共分离到83株菌,检出率为1.14%。其中副溶血弧菌位居阳性检出菌的首位,占86.75%(72/83);志贺菌和沙门菌分别占7.23%(6/83)和6.02%(5/83)。将每年的阳性监测结果进行卡方检验,差异有统计学意义(χ2=173.43,P<0.01)。结论青浦区感染性腹泻病的主要致病菌依次为副溶血性弧菌、沙门菌和志贺菌等。
Objective To understand the occurrence, pathogens, epidemiological characteristics and trends of infectious diarrhea pathogens in Qingpu District of Shanghai during 2007-2011 and to explore the control strategies. Methods A total of 7 268 fecal or rectal swab samples from diarrhea patients in the intestine and outpatient department of the monitoring stations in Qingpu district from December 2007 to December 2011 were collected. Samples of anal swabs collected from the sentinel surveillance hospitals were collected for enrichment Were inoculated into the following five kinds of media (double wash alkaline peptone water, WS agar, MacConkey agar (MAC), and xylose lysine sodium deoxycholate (XLD), sorbitol MacConkey agar) Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella, Shigella and pathogenic Escherichia coli, the test is suspected O157. Results Among 7 268 samples, 83 strains were isolated and the detection rate was 1.14%. Among them, Vibrio parahaemolyticus was the first place with positive detection of bacteria, accounting for 86.75% (72/83). Shigella and Salmonella accounted for 7.23% (6/83) and 6.02% (5/83) respectively. The annual positive monitoring results were chi-square test, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 173.43, P <0.01). Conclusions The main pathogens of infectious diarrhea in Qingpu District are Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella and Shigella.