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目的 研究垂直传播中乙型肝炎病毒Ｓ基因变异的流行病学意义。方法 以配偶无乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ） 标志的４ 名女性携带者与６ 名男性携带者及其子宫内感染ＨＢＶ 的胎儿为对象，以双脱氧链末端终止法检测母子、父子所携ＨＢＶＳ区４５１ ～６６０ 位核苷酸序列。结果 母子、父子间同源性９８ ％ ～１００ ％ ，检出４９１ 、４９４、５３０ 、５４６、５８１ 位点变异致使１１３ 、１１４、１２６ 、１３１、１４３ 位氨基酸替代，其中２ 对父母与胎儿检出１２６ 位变异。４ 例胎儿检出１３１ 位变异，其中２ 例胎儿合并检出１４３ 位变异。结论 ＨＢＶ垂直传播中存在Ｓ基因变异株，可能以１２６、１３１、１４３ 位氨基酸变异株为主，这些变异株可能使ＨＢ疫苗免疫失败。
Objective To study the epidemiological significance of hepatitis B virus S gene variation in vertical transmission. Methods Four female carriers with no hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers and 6 male carriers and their fetuses with intrauterine infection of HBV were enrolled in this study. The dying of HBV DNA 451 to 660 nucleotide sequence. Results The homology between mother and child and father was 98% -100%. The mutation of 491, 494, 530, 546 and 581 was detected, which resulted in the substitution of amino acids 113, 114, 126, 131 and 143, 126 variants. In the four fetuses, 131 mutations were detected, of which 143 fetuses were detected in 2 fetuses. Conclusion The S gene variant exists in the vertical transmission of HBV, which may be dominated by the amino acid mutations 126,131,143. These mutant strains may make the HB vaccine immunocompromised.