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目的:根据月经状态进行分层，探讨体质量指数与不同分子亚型乳腺癌患病风险的关系。方法:采用病例对照研究，序贯收集2012年3月至2019年10月入住山西白求恩医院乳腺外科病理证实为乳腺癌患者855例，并选取同期山西白求恩医院体检中心1 663例健康体检者为对照组。以正常体质量指数范围(18.5～22.9)为参照组，采用Logistic回归分析体质量指数与各分子亚型乳腺癌患病风险的关系。结果:在入组的乳腺癌整体人群中，体质量指数为23.0～24.9 kg/mn 2，会增加管型B(人表皮生长因子受体-2n -)[Luminal-B(Her-2n -)型乳腺癌，比值比(n OR) 1.51，95%可信区间(n CI) 1.10～2.08]的患病风险；体质量指数为25.0～29.9 kg/mn 2会增加Luminal-B(Her-2n -)型乳腺癌(n OR 1.63，95%n CI 1.22～2.17)及三阴性乳腺癌(n OR 1.91，95%n CI 1.21～3.00)的患病风险；体质量指数≥30.0 kg/mn 2会增加Luminal-B(Her-2n -)型乳腺癌(n OR 2.03，95%n CI 1.33～3.09)、Her-2过表达型乳腺癌(n OR 2.26，95%n CI 1.11～4.59)及三阴性乳腺癌(n OR 2.55，95%n CI 1.36～4.77)的患病风险。根据月经状态进行分层，在绝经前妇女中，体质量指数为25.0～29.9 kg/mn 2，会增加Her-2过表达型乳腺癌(n OR 2.14，95%n CI 1.03～4.47)及三阴性乳腺癌(n OR 2.08，95%n CI 1.16～3.73)的患病风险；体质量指数≥30.0 kg/mn 2会增加Her-2表达型乳腺癌(n OR 3.07，95%n CI 1.04～9.02)及三阴性乳腺癌(n OR 2.83，95%n CI 1.17～6.81)的患病风险。在绝经后妇女中，体质量指数为23.0～24.9 kg/mn 2会增加Luminal-B(Her-2n -)型乳腺癌(n OR 1.68，95%n CI 1.01～2.82)的患病风险；体质量指数为25.0～29.9 kg/mn 2会增加Luminal-B(Her-2n -)型乳腺癌(n OR 2.15，95%n CI 1.37～3.40)的患病风险；体质量指数≥30.0 kg/mn 2会增加Luminal-B(Her-2n -)型乳腺癌(n OR 2.54，95%n CI 1.39～4.64)的患病风险。n 结论:体质量指数与乳腺癌分子亚型有关，并且根据月经状态不同而呈现差异。“,”Objective:To explore the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and breast cancer risk according to various subtypes of breast cancer stratifed with menopausal status.Methods:By using a case-control study setting, we sequentially collected a total of 855 cases and 1 663 controls from March 2012 to October 2019. Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between BMI and molecular subtypes of breast cancer by setting normal BMI range (18.5-22.9) as the reference group.Results:In the group of population enrolled, BMI of 23.0-24.9 kg/mn 2 increased the risk of breast cancer of Luminal B [human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her-2) negative, odds ratio (n OR) 1.51, 95% confidence interval (n CI) 1.10-2.08] and BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/mn 2 increased the risk of breast cancer of Luminal-B (Her-2 negative) (n OR 1.63, 95%n CI 1.22-2.17) and triple-negative breast cancer (n OR 1.91, 95%n CI 1.21-3.00) and in obese (BMI ≥30.0 kg/mn 2) women, it was Luminal B Her-2 negative (n OR 2.03, 95%n CI 1.33-3.09), Her-2 express subtype (n OR 2.26, 95%n CI 1.11-4.59) and triple-negative subtype (n OR 2.55, 95%n CI 1.36-4.77) that showed increased risk of breast cancer. In premenopausal women, BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/mn 2 increased the risk of breast cancer of Her-2 overexpression subtype (n OR 2.14, 95%n CI 1.03-4.47) and triple-negative breast cancer (n OR 2.08, 95%n CI 1.16-3.73) and in obese (BMI≥30.0 kg/mn 2) women, it was Her-2 overexpression subtype (n OR 3.07, 95%n CI 1.04-9.02) and triple-negative breast cancer (n OR 2.83, 95%n CI 1.17-6.81) that showed increased risk of breast cancer. In postmenopausal women, BMI of 23.0-24.9 kg/mn 2 increased the risk of breast cancer of Luminal B (Her-2 negative) (n OR 1.68, 95%n CI 1.01-2.82) and BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/mn 2 increased the risk of breast cancer of Luminal B (Her-2 negative) and in obese (BMI ≥30.0 kg/mn 2) women, it was Luminal B (Her-2 negative) (n OR 2.54, 95%n CI 1.39-4.64) that showed increased risk of breast cancer.n Conclusion:The effect of BMI on breast cancer differs according to various subtypes and to menopausal status.