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目的:分析大环内酯类药物不良反应(ADR)发生特点与其相关因素,促进临床合理用药。方法:采用回顾性分析方法,对2004年5月—2010年2月间收到的98例大环内酯类药物所致ADR报告表,并分别从药物种类,患者性别、年龄及既往ADR史,给药途径、临床表现、处理方法及结果等数据进行分析。结果:98例大环内酯类引发的ADR中,主要涉及阿奇霉素、罗红霉素与克拉霉素,其中阿奇霉素导致的ADR84例(既往有ADR史16例);通过静脉给药引起ADR72例,除3例严重ADR外,临床表现主要以皮肤及附件、消化系统损害为常见。结论:临床应严格掌握大环内酯类药物的使用适应证,重视对大环内酯类ADR用药监护,以减少或避免ADR发生。
Objective: To analyze the characteristics and related factors of macrolide adverse reactions (ADRs) and to promote the rational use of drugs. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 98 cases of macrolide-induced ADR reports received from May 2004 to February 2010, and from the type of drug, gender, age and previous history of ADR , Route of administration, clinical manifestations, treatment methods and results of such data analysis. Results: 98 cases of macrolide-induced ADR mainly involved azithromycin, roxithromycin and clarithromycin, of which azithromycin caused ADR84 cases (previous history of ADR in 16 cases); caused by intravenous administration of 72 cases of ADR, In addition to 3 cases of severe ADR, the clinical manifestations mainly to the skin and accessories, digestive system damage is common. Conclusion: Clinical indications should be strictly mastered the use of macrolides, attention to macrolide ADR medication monitoring to reduce or avoid the occurrence of ADR.