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目的探讨镉对大鼠附睾体部的超微结构影响及其作用机理。方法单纯小剂量氯化镉（２ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重）及加锌腹腔内注射后，用透射电镜及硫胺素焦磷酸酶（ＴＰＰａｓｅ）电镜细胞化学定量分析。结果镉注射后４ｈ，主细胞出现轻度超微结构损伤；２４ｈ至３ｄ进一步加重；７～１５ｄ退变最严重；３０～６０ｄ基本恢复。ＴＰＰａｓｅ反应产物４ｈ后明显减少，３ｄ后暂时回复，但７～１５ｄ再次下降，６０ｄ恢复正常。锌保护各组主细胞形态正常，ＴＰＰａｓｅ反应产物较单纯镉组量多，至１５ｄ达正常水平。结论镉对大鼠附睾体部的损伤较轻；镉对主细胞ＴＰＰａｓｅ活性的影响比对结构的损伤敏感些；早期损伤系镉的直接毒理作用，后期则由于雄激素水平下降加重损伤。
Objective To investigate the effect of cadmium on the ultrastructure of rat epididymis and its mechanism. Methods After simple low-dose cadmium chloride (2mg / kg body weight) and intraperitoneal injection of zinc, transmission electron microscopy and electron microscopy of thiamine pyrophosphatase (TPPase) cytochemistry were used for quantitative analysis. Results 4h after cadmium injection, the main cells showed mild ultrastructural damage, increased further from 24h to 3d, and degenerated most severely after 7 ~ 15d and recovered basically after 30 ~ 60d. The reaction product of TPPase decreased obviously after 4 hours and recovered temporarily after 3 days, but dropped again after 7 ~ 15 days and returned to normal after 60 days. The main cells in each group were protected by zinc, and the TPPase reaction products were more than those in pure cadmium group and reached the normal level on the 15th day. Conclusion Cadmium has less damage to the epididymis in rats. Cadmium has a more sensitive effect on the activity of TPPase than the damage to the structure. The early injury is a direct toxicological effect of cadmium. In the latter part, the injury is aggravated by the decrease of androgen levels.