文章以1901—2012年201位诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者科学论文为研究对象,试图采用科学计量学等方法探寻其国家、机构与学科合作的一般规律。结果发现,获得者所处国家与机构之间的合作形式多样化,国家合作成为主流;其合作网络中存在一些处于重要地位的个体与团体;在动态变化的学科知识结构中,“当采学科”起到了基础作用。 The article takes 201 scientific papers from 201 Nobel Prize winners in Physiology or Medicine from 1901 to 2012 as the research object, and attempts to explore the general laws of cooperation between countries, institutions and disciplines by using methods such as scientometrics. As a result, it is found that there are diversified forms of cooperation between countries and agencies where the winners are located, and that state cooperation has become the mainstream; there are some individuals and groups in important positions in the cooperation network; in the dynamically changing disciplinary knowledge structure, Discipline "played a fundamental role.