Th9细胞是近年新发现的Th细胞亚群。这种细胞亚群的诱导分化受到多种细胞因子与转录因子的影响,且与其他亚群间存在相互影响。IL-4和转化生长因子β是诱导Th9分化的关键细胞因子,PU.1和干扰素调节因子4为其特异的转录因子。Th9细胞主要通过分泌大量IL-9细胞因子在自身免疫性疾病、过敏性疾病以及抗寄生虫感染等过程中发挥重要作用。近年来的研究发现Th9细胞可能促进肝纤维化的发生,本文就Th9细胞与肝纤维化关系的研究现状做一综述。 Th9 cells are newly discovered subsets of Th cells in recent years. The differentiation of this cell subpopulation is influenced by many cytokines and transcription factors and interacts with other subpopulations. IL-4 and TGF-β are key cytokines that induce Th9 differentiation. PU1 and interferon regulatory factor 4 are specific transcription factors. Th9 cells play an important role in autoimmune diseases, allergic diseases and anti-parasitic infections, mainly through the secretion of large amounts of IL-9 cytokines. In recent years, studies have found that Th9 cells may promote the occurrence of liver fibrosis. This review summarizes the research status of Th9 cells and liver fibrosis.