一、前言 铁路桥梁在建成交付运营之后常常由于设计、施工的原因以及维修养护中的“欠养”等,使桥梁结构物上逐渐出现裂纹、断裂、支座倾斜、垫板错动、螺栓折断、边墙外推、漏水流白浆等等病害,严重的危及行车安全,缩短结构使用寿命。为更好地对其病害与病因进行探讨以便对症治疗是有现实意义的。 I. Preface Due to the design and construction reasons and the “undernutrition” in the maintenance and maintenance of railway bridges, the cracks and cracks in the bridge structures, the tilting of the supports, the dislocation of the support plates and the breakage of the bolts are often caused by the construction and delivery of railway bridges , The wall of the extrapolation, leakage of white slurry and so on disease, endangering traffic safety, shorten the service life of the structure. In order to better explore its disease and causes for symptomatic treatment is of practical significance.