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对地形或地物复杂约道路地段(如山领地区、大河桥位、铁路或公路交叉处、排水困难地段等)进行勘查时,为得出缩尺1:2000、1:1000或1:500的平面图,要进行地形测量。根据实践证明,三角视距测量法是最快的。观测点与测站的高差,按照三角高程测量法的高差公式求得之: h=(dsin2α/2)+i—υ (1)或 h=Ltgα+t—υ (2)式中:h——两点的高差; d=k?+c(k为视距系数); ?—在视距尺上上下两横线间的读数; c—仪器中心至物镜中心的距离;
When surveying the complex terrain or complex road sections (such as mountain collar areas, major river bridges, railway or road intersections, drainage difficulties, etc.), in order to obtain the scale 1: 2000, 1: 1000 or 1: 500 Floor plan, for topographic measurements. According to the practice, triangulation method is the fastest. The height difference between the observation point and the station is obtained according to the height difference formula of trigonometry: h = (dsin2α / 2) + i-υ (1) or h = Ltgα + t- υ (2) h - the height difference between two points; d = k? + c (k is the line-of-sight coefficient);? - the reading between the upper and lower horizontal lines on the line of sight; c- the distance from the center of the instrument to the center of the objective;