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目的通过对衡阳市霍乱疫情及监测结果分析,了解衡阳市霍乱流行规律和霍乱弧菌在水体及食品的污染情况,为霍乱防控工作提供科学依据。方法对收集的疫情报告、现场调查、实验室检测和监测资料等进行统计分析。结果 2001-2005年衡阳市共发生28起霍乱疫情,发病82例,死亡2例,除2001年1起疫情为O1群外,其它均为O139群。1起疫情为水型暴发,其它暴发疫情的发生均与聚餐和人群生活习惯有关,均有食用甲鱼史。通过采取针对性措施,2006-2009年无病例发生。2005-2009年间每年均从市售涉水产品中检出霍乱弧菌,2006-2007年为O1群和O139群均有检出,2008-2009年以O1群为优势菌株;除2009年外,其它年份均有产毒株检出;霍乱弧菌对诺氟沙星、环丙沙星敏感率为100%。结论衡阳市涉水产品受到霍乱弧菌污染,且大多具有毒力基因,有引起霍乱暴发的危险。在霍乱防制工作中要重点加强对涉水产品的监测和农村集体聚餐的卫生指导管理。
Objective To understand the prevalence of cholera and the contamination of cholera vibrio in water and foodstuffs in Hengyang by analyzing the cholera epidemic and monitoring results in Hengyang and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of cholera. Methods The collected epidemic reports, field surveys, laboratory tests and monitoring data were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 28 cholera outbreaks were reported in Hengyang City from 2001 to 2005, with 82 cases and 2 deaths. Except for one outbreak in 2001, O1 was the other outbreak, while the others were O139. 1 outbreaks of water-based outbreaks, the occurrence of other outbreaks are associated with the living habits of the crowd and the crowd, have a history of eating turtles. By taking targeted measures, no cases occurred in 2006-2009. Vibrio cholerae was detected from the wading products on the market every year from 2005 to 2009, while the O1 group and the O139 group were detected from 2006 to 2007, and the O1 group was the dominant strain from 2008 to 2009. In addition to 2009, In other years, both strains were detected. Vibrio cholerae showed a sensitivity of 100% to norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Conclusion Wading products in Hengyang are polluted by Vibrio cholerae and most of them have virulence genes, which may cause the outbreak of cholera. In the cholera prevention and control work, the monitoring of wading products and the health guidance and management of rural collective meals should be emphasized.