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目的比较一对一健康教育前后涂阳肺结核患者知识知晓情况、态度和行为,分析知识知晓率影响因素,提出具体建议。方法分别于干预前后开展问卷调查,分类资料采用频数、构成比进行数据描述,单因素分析采用χ~2检验,多因素分析采用二元logistic回归。结果 14个知识点干预后知晓率高于干预前,1个知识点干预后知晓率低于干预前,全部知晓率由干预前的37.17%上升到了干预后的49.09%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=13.431,P=0.000)。经logistic回归分析,影响涂阳肺结核患者知识知晓情况因素为农村高于城市(OR=1.862)、离异低于在婚(OR=0.084)、丧偶低于在婚(OR=0.236)、城镇居民医疗患者高于自费患者(OR=3.513)以及职工医疗保险患者高于自费患者(OR=1.919)。结论健康教育提高了涂阳肺结核患者的防治知识知晓率,居住地、婚姻状况、医保情况等影响知识知晓情况。
Objective To compare the knowledge, attitude and behavior of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients before and after one-to-one health education and analyze the influencing factors of knowledge-aware rate and put forward specific suggestions. Methods Before and after the intervention, questionnaires were conducted. The classification data were analyzed by frequency and composition ratio. The single factor analysis was performed using χ ~ 2 test, and the multivariate analysis was performed by binary logistic regression. Results The awareness rate of 14 knowledge points after intervention was higher than that before intervention. The awareness rate of 1 knowledge point after intervention was lower than before intervention, and the awareness rate increased from 37.17% before intervention to 49.09% after intervention, the difference was statistically significant χ ~ 2 = 13.431, P = 0.000). Logistic regression analysis showed that knowledge of patients with smear positive smear positive tuberculosis was higher in rural areas than in urban areas (OR = 1.862), divorced less than married (OR = 0.084), lower than married (OR = 0.236) Patients were higher than those who paid their own expenses (OR = 3.513), and those who took medical insurance were higher than those who paid their own expenses (OR = 1.919). Conclusion Health education has improved the awareness of prevention and treatment of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients, living conditions, marital status, health insurance and other knowledge of the situation.