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目的探讨糖尿病视网膜病变的相关危险因素,特别是2型糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)与胫前色素沉着斑(PPP)的相关性。方法对选择的183名2型糖尿病患者(T2DM)进行糖尿病视网膜病变和胫前色素沉着斑的测定,并同时记录患者的性别、年龄、病程、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FPG)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)。再以有无糖尿病视网膜病变为因变量进行多因素Logistic回归分析。所有计量资料用(均数±标准差)表示,进行t检验,计数资料进行χ2检验。结果在有胫前色素沉着斑的2型糖尿病患者中,糖尿病视网膜病变的发生率远远大于没有胫前色素沉着斑的患者,两者有显著的相关性。糖尿病视网膜病变组与无糖尿病视网膜病变组比较,糖尿病胫前色素沉着斑、年龄、病程、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、甘油三酯(TG)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)在两组间有统计学差异(P<0.05)。通过多因素Logistic回归分析,糖尿病胫前色素沉着斑、病程、空腹血糖进入回归方程,与2型糖尿病视网膜病变发生有关(P<0.05)。结论本组资料显示,糖尿病胫前色素沉着斑与2型糖尿病患者视网膜病变存在明确的相关性,糖尿病胫前色素沉着斑可能会被应用于临床实践,成为早期识别糖尿病视网膜病变的标志之一,尤其在缺乏眼科学检查设备的地方,提醒特别是病程较长、高血糖的患者,早期关注糖尿病视网膜病变的发生,做到早期预防、早期治疗。
Objective To investigate the related risk factors of diabetic retinopathy, especially the relationship between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and anterior tibial pigmented plaque (PPP) in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods The diabetic retinopathy and anterior tibial pigmented plaque of 183 type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM) were selected and their gender, age, course of disease, HbA1c, triglyceride (TG) Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose and fibrinogen. Then with or without diabetic retinopathy as a dependent variable multivariate Logistic regression analysis. All measurement data (mean ± standard deviation) said, t test, count data for χ2 test. Results The incidence of diabetic retinopathy was significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients with anterior tibial pigmented plaque than in those without anterior tibial pigmented plaque. There was a significant correlation between them. Diabetic retinopathy group and non-diabetic retinopathy group, diabetic anterior tibial pigmentation spots, age, duration, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), fibrinogen (FIB) in the two groups were statistically different (P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the anterior tibial pigmented plaque, duration of disease and fasting blood glucose in regression equation were related to the occurrence of type 2 diabetic retinopathy (P <0.05). Conclusions This group of data shows that there is a clear correlation between diabetic anterior tibial pigmented plaque and retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetic anterior tibial pigmented spots may be used in clinical practice and become one of the markers of early recognition of diabetic retinopathy. Especially in the absence of ophthalmological examination equipment, remind, especially patients with longer duration, high blood sugar, early attention to the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy, early prevention, early treatment.