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目的分析不同时期疟疾的发病水平,探索不同的传疟媒介在传播疟疾过程中的作用,以及各阶段采取的组织与技术措施,对控制疟疾流行、降低发病率和消除疟疾取得的成效。方法采用描述性流行病学的方法,对三明市1950—2014年监测、防控及消除疟疾资料进行效果分析。结果 1950—2014年治愈疟疾70多万例。在2个大流行阶段和后期监测管理过程中所采取的组织与技术措施得当,并取得显著的防控效果。已有10年未发生本地感染病例。结论经过65年的积极防治,疟疾流行得到有效控制,已达到卫生部颁发的消除疟疾标准。仍应积极开展健康促进,加强政府领导、输入性病例的管理、发热病人血检和传疟媒介监测,有效巩固消除疟疾成果。
Objective To analyze the incidence of malaria in different periods and to explore the role of different malaria vectors in the transmission of malaria and the organizational and technical measures taken in each phase to control malaria prevalence, reduce morbidity and eliminate malaria. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of malaria surveillance, prevention and control and elimination of malaria in Sanming from 1950 to 2014. Results More than 700,000 malaria cases were cured in 1950-2014. The organizational and technical measures adopted in the two pandemic phases and the post-monitoring and management process were appropriate and achieved significant prevention and control effects. No local infection has occurred for 10 years. Conclusion After 65 years of active prevention and control, the epidemic of malaria has been effectively controlled and the malaria elimination standard set by the Ministry of Health has been met. Still should actively carry out health promotion, strengthen government leadership, management of imported cases, hematogenous blood tests and malaria vector surveillance, effectively consolidating the results of malaria elimination.