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大豆抗旱性是复杂的数量性状,由于土壤含水量较难控制,精准的抗旱性表型较难获得。通过在田间放置不同直径集水槽研究大豆生长及田间环境的变化情况,进而探索利用该方法进行大豆抗旱性鉴定的效果。结果表明:随着集水槽直径的增加,大豆株高、主茎节数、单株粒数和单株产量显著降低,但大豆植株分枝数、结荚高度差异不显著。不同直径集水槽对土壤温度和重量含水率均有一定影响,尤其对14∶00土壤5 cm处温度有显著影响;放置集水槽对0~10 cm土壤重量含水量影响较大。上述结果表明,大豆行间放置集水槽能降低土壤重量含水量,不同直径集水槽处理间大豆植株的株高、主茎节数、单株粒数及单株产量等与抗旱性相关性状存在显著差异。以不放置集水槽的普通管理模式作对照,用田间放置直径为25 cm的集水槽可以对大豆抗旱性进行评价。
Soybean drought resistance is a complex quantitative trait, due to difficult to control the soil moisture content, accurate drought-resistant phenotype more difficult to obtain. Soybean growth and field environment changes were studied by placing different diameter sinks in the field, and then the effect of using this method to identify soybean drought resistance was explored. The results showed that the plant height, the number of main stems, the number of single plant per plant and the yield per plant were significantly decreased with the increase of the diameter of the sump. However, there was no significant difference in the number of branches and the pod height of soybean plants. The different diameter sinks have certain influence on the soil temperature and weight moisture content, especially on the temperature of 5 cm at 14:00, while the sinks placed on the sink have a great influence on the water content of 0-10 cm soil. The above results show that the sinks placed between rows of soybeans can reduce the water content of soil. The plant height, the number of main stems, the number of grains per plant and the yield per plant of the soybean plants with different diameter sinks have significant correlations with drought resistance difference. In contrast to the general management mode in which the sump is not placed, the drought resistance of the soybean can be evaluated by placing a catchment with a diameter of 25 cm in the field.