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本文通过对烟农15号小麦品种几个数量性状进行研究,分析各性状遗传进度和性状间遗传相关进度,提出了以提高单株产量为目标的选择指数和优化性状组合,并以此进行改良选择,收到明显效果,平均株高降低3.2cm,每穗粒数增加3.43粒,单株产量增加0.961g,比该品种的推广末代种增产14.87%,比常规提纯复壮种增产11.57%。改良选择法不受原品种典型性所限,改传统的提纯复壮为选优复壮,不仅能够有效地防止退化,尚可在一定程度上提高种性,从而大大地延长了良种的使用寿命。
In this paper, several quantitative traits of wheat cultivar Yannong 15 were studied, and the progress of genetic correlation among traits and traits of each trait was analyzed. The selection index and the combination of traits aimed at improving the yield per plant were put forward to improve the selection , The average height was reduced by 3.2cm, the number of grains per spike increased by 3.43, and the yield per plant increased by 0.961g, which increased by 14.87% than that of the last progeny of this variety and 11.57% higher than that of conventional purification and rejuvenation. The improved selection method is not limited by the typical varieties of the original varieties, and the traditional purification and rejuvenation is the best selection and rejuvenation. Not only can it effectively prevent degeneration, but also improve the species to a certain extent, thus greatly extending the useful life of the elite.