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(一)1970年年初,盖莱克接任哥穆尔卡任波兰统一工人党第一书记,在苏东集团中率先提出了“开放与革新”的口号,很短的时间内就引起了全世界的关注。盖莱克令人耳目一新的工作作风是:每天要会见各行业的工人代表、各种职业和有专长的人士的代表,以及各机关和各业务部门的代表,同他们尽可能广泛地交换看法。他在以后的10年中一直坚持这种“直接领导”和“直接对话”的作风,并称之为“和工人阶级及劳动人民协商”的最重要、最有效的方式。1971年1月中旬,波兰什切青造船厂的某些领导“为了支持党的新领导和为了人民波兰的利益”,组
(1) In early 1970, Gérard succeeded Gomulka as the first secretary of the Polish Unification Workers’ Party. He took the lead in opening up the slogan of “Openness and Innovation” among the Soviet Union and the East Group and in a very short period of time has aroused the world’s attention. Gérake’s refreshing work style is to meet with workers’ representatives from all walks of life, representatives of professions and specialists, representatives of various agencies and business units on a daily basis, and exchange their opinions as widely as possible with them. For the next 10 years, he has insisted on such a style of “direct leadership” and “direct dialogue,” calling it the most important and effective way to “consult with the working class and the working people.” In mid-January 1971, certain leaders of the Szczecin Shipyard in Poland “In order to support the new leadership of the party and the interests of the people of Poland”, the group