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目的了解重症新生儿监护病房医院感染特点,研究其预防控制措施。方法应用回顾性调查与医生报告相结合的方法,对本医院2003~2007年重症新生儿监护病房出院患者医院感染情况进行调查分析。结果在此期间共出院3038例新生儿患者,发生医院感染71例,医院感染率为2.34%;2003年感染率为3.31%,2007年感染率为0.99%。感染部位居前三位的是呼吸道感染、口腔感染和胃肠道感染,依次分别为50.70%、25.35%和15.49%。感染致病菌以肺炎克雷伯菌为主,占39.02%。结论该医院重症新生儿监护病房医院感染率呈下降趋势,规范的护理操作是控制医院感染的重要手段,合理使用抗生素是控制医院感染的根本保证。
Objective To understand the characteristics of nosocomial infection in intensive care unit and to study its preventive and control measures. Methods The retrospective investigation combined with the doctor’s report method was used to investigate and analyze the hospital infection in hospital discharged from severe neonatal intensive care unit from 2003 to 2007 in our hospital. Results During this period, a total of 3038 newborns were discharged. There were 71 cases of nosocomial infection and 2.34% of nosocomial infections. In 2003, the infection rate was 3.31%. The infection rate in 2007 was 0.99%. The top three infected sites were respiratory tract infections, oral infections and gastrointestinal infections, followed by 50.70%, 25.35% and 15.49% respectively. Klebsiella pneumoniae infection-based pathogens, accounting for 39.02%. Conclusion The prevalence of nosocomial infection in the critical care unit of neonatal intensive care unit in the hospital is declining. Standardized nursing operation is an important means of controlling nosocomial infections. Rational use of antibiotics is the fundamental guarantee for nosocomial infection.