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通过Oaxaca-Blinder分解、Cotton分解和Neumark分解等三种工资差异均值分解方法,对2000-2011年的中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)数据进行了比较分析。结果显示:户籍歧视所导致的工资差异占城市工与农民工工资总差异的比重在逐年减少,个体特征逐渐成为工资差异的主要原因;受教育程度和工作经验是造成工资总差异的主要原因;受教育程度、职业和工作单位类型是影响工资差异的个体特征中的主要因素;在运用上述三种分解方法研究户籍歧视引致的工资差异均值分解时,Neumark分解优于另外两种分解。
The data of China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) from 2000 to 2011 were compared and analyzed by three means of Wage Means Decomposition, Oaxaca-Blinder Decomposition, Cotton Decomposition and Neumark Decomposition. The results showed that the wage difference caused by household registration accounted for the declining proportion of the total wage difference between urban workers and migrant workers, and the individual characteristics gradually became the main reason for the wage difference. The education level and work experience were the main reasons for the total wage difference. The level of education, occupation and type of work unit are the main factors that influence the individual characteristics of salary differences. Neumark decomposition outperforms the other two decompositions when using the above three decomposition methods to study the wage-difference decomposition of household-level discrimination.