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文学叙事真实论是事关文学叙事的本质性问题,也是事关文学叙事价值的重要问题。本文将文学叙事的真实性问题与文学叙事“可能世界”的接受问题联系起来讨论,旨在探讨西方文学叙事史上不同历史时期文学叙事真实观及可能世界的构建之间的关系。同时结合叙事学和接受美学的理论,从可能世界的构建角度阐述了如何增强文学叙事真实性与故事世界的可接受性等问题;并分析了可能世界的接受原则。笔者认为作家通过各种叙事策略和修辞手段来构建可能世界,并增强文学叙事的可读解性,使接受者有一种参与感、身临其境感和强烈的真实感。可能世界的接受原则为作者、读者的共谋原则,即接受者阅读文本时所期待与想象的可能世界与文本所构建的可能世界之间的互动,通过互动使它们达到某种平衡和一致,从而完成对文本可能世界的接受。
The truth of literary narration is an essential issue related to literary narrative and an important issue concerning the value of literary narrative. This article discusses the authenticity of literary narration and the acceptance of literary narrative “Possible World ”, and aims to discuss the relationship between the literary narrative realism and the possible world in the different historical periods of Western literary narration. At the same time, combining with the theory of narratology and receiving aesthetics, this article elaborates how to enhance the authenticity of literary narration and the acceptability of the story world from the perspective of the construction of a possible world; and analyzes the principle of acceptance of a possible world. The author believes that writers construct possible world through various narrative strategies and rhetorical devices and enhance the readability of literary narrative so that the recipient has a sense of participation, immersiveness and strong sense of reality. The principle of acceptance of the possible world is that the author and the reader ’s principle of collusion, that is, the interaction between the possible world imagined by the recipient when reading the text and the possible world constructed by the text, achieve a balance and consistency through interaction, Thus completing the acceptance of the possible world of the text.