对５０例因维生素Ｋ缺乏导致的颅内出血病儿进行了回顾分析。结果显示，此病８～１２月份多见，好发年龄为１～４个月，多为纯母乳喂养儿。提出了可能引起此病的原因为维生素Ｋ先天储备不足，母乳含量低、吸收障碍、内源性维生素Ｋ缺乏。并根据以上原因制定了应用维生素Ｋ预防的具体措施，指出了诊断治疗中应注意的问题。 Fifty children with intracranial hemorrhage due to vitamin K deficiency were retrospectively analyzed. The results showed that the disease more common in 8 to December, the incidence of 1 to 4 months, mostly purely breastfeeding children. Proposed the possible causes of the disease due to inborn vitamin K deficiency, low breast milk, malabsorption, endogenous vitamin K deficiency. According to the above reasons, the specific measures for preventing vitamin K were established, and the problems that should be paid attention to in diagnosis and treatment were pointed out.