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一、基本情况1957年冬谭震林书记在河南沙颍河治理工作座谈会上指示,必须广泛开展群众性水利工程的观测研究工作,来解决水利化运动中提出的一系列的新课题。为了贯彻这一指示,前水利部于今年1月召开了小流域综合治理研究工作座谈会,明确了观测研究工作的目的、要求和作法,4月间河南省就全面地开展了这一工作,7月间水利电力部三次发布指示,要求全国各地普遍组织群众开展专区的水文观测研究工作,并在南京、西安、哈尔滨和南宁分片召开现场会议进行具体部署,于是,以水文为中心的群众性水利观测研究工作就在全国范围内掀起了一个高潮。截至目前为止,除少数省区外已有十八个省区市,搞起来了,其中以河南河北山东安徽陕西黑龙江等省做得较多。以
I. General Information In the winter of 1957, Secretary Tan Zhenlin indicated at the symposium on the management of the Shaying River in Henan that a large number of observation and research work on mass water conservancy projects must be carried out to solve a series of new topics raised in the campaign of water conservancy. In order to implement this directive, the former Ministry of Water Resources held a symposium on the comprehensive management of small watershed in January this year, clarifying the purpose, requirements and practices of observational research. In April, Henan Province carried out this work in an all-round way, In July, the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power issued three instructions requiring all the people in all parts of the country to carry out hydrological observation and research work in the prefectural area and to hold on-site meetings in Nanjing, Xi’an, Harbin and Nanning for concrete deployment. As a result, hydrological-centered masses The work of observing and researching water conservancy set off a climax nationwide. So far, except for a few provinces and autonomous regions, 18 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities have gone on to engage, with Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Anhui, Shaanxi and Heilongjiang provinces doing more. To