利用籼粳杂交是提高杂交水稻优势的重要途径。但利用籼粳交优势的关键是结实率的问题。几年来我们作了一些研究,有点体会。一、籼粳杂交选育恢复系的问题偏籼型恢复系选育,实际上是部分利用籼粳杂种优势。籼粳杂交选育恢复系,采用单交一般难以成功。一是分离世代长,籼、粳的性状差异大,后代分离虽大,却难以选到综合性状优良的材料;二是后代恢复能力较差,由于其受到籼粳不亲和及恢复能力强这两个方面的交叉影响,故恢复好的材料出现机率很低。我们采用三交和籼粳单交后代再改造的方法,效 Indica / japonica hybridization is an important way to improve the superiority of hybrid rice. However, the key to utilizing the advantages of cross between indica and japonica is the problem of seed setting rate. Over the past few years we made some research, a little experience. First, the Indica-japonica hybrid breeding restore lines Indica-japonica restorer breeding, in fact, part of the use of hybrids of indica and japonica. Indica-japonica hybrid breeding restore lines, the use of a single cross is generally difficult to succeed. First, the separation of long, indica, Japonica differences in the traits, although the separation of offspring is large, it is difficult to elect the synthesis of good materials; Second, the ability of future generations to restore poor, due to its indica-japonica incompatibility and resilience The two aspects of the cross-impact, so the probability of recovery of good material is very low. We use three cross and indica and japonica single offspring and then transform the method, effectiveness