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目的研究正常人胚早期绒毛膜的发育过程，探讨绒毛的结构特点及其与功能的关系。方法用正方测试格半定量观察９２例正常人胚早期（６～１１周）绒毛膜的组织结构，测试绒毛上皮厚度及间质内间充质细胞、毛细血管的相对含量。结果绒毛膜滋养细胞包括三种：细胞滋养细胞、合体滋养细胞和中间型滋养细胞。滋养细胞具有正常的高度增殖及侵蚀能力。绒毛上皮厚度随胚胎周龄的增加而增加，于第１１周达峰值。绒毛间质内间充质细胞和毛细血管的相对含量随周龄的增加而增加，相邻两个周龄组之间的差异显著（Ｐ＜００５）。结论在胚胎早期，绒毛发育较快，间质生长活跃。滋养细胞高度增殖并侵蚀子宫蜕膜，但有一定限度。
Objective To study the development of chorionic villi during normal human embryogenesis and to investigate the structural characteristics of chorion and its relationship with function. Methods Tissue structures of 92 normal human embryos (6 ~ 11 weeks) were observed semiquantitatively with square test cells. The thickness of villi and the relative contents of mesenchymal cells and capillaries were measured. Results Chorionic trophoblast cells include three types: cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast and intermediate trophoblast. Trophoblast cells have a normal high degree of proliferation and erosion. The thickness of villous epithelium increased with the increase of the age of the embryo, reaching its peak on the 11th week. The relative contents of mesenchymal cells and capillaries in villus interstitial increased with the increasing of age, and there was significant difference between adjacent two weeks (P <005). Conclusion In the early embryo, the villus developed rapidly and the interstitial growth was active. Trophoblast proliferation and erosion of the uterine decidua, but to a certain extent.