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理学大家朱熹曾对历史人物作出过许多评论,《朱子语类》和《朱文公文集》中保存有大量这方面的内容,朱熹评价历史人物的标准和原则是什么?无庸讳言是“义理”。他曾说:“论古今人物,以别其是非邪正,则理存于古今人物。”~①又说:“今理会得一个义理后,将他事来处置,合于义理者为是,不合于义理者为非。”~②于是,当朱熹将这个“义理”引入社会领域,使之转化为封建社会的仁义礼智、君臣父子、忠孝等纲常伦理道德原则时,他对历史人物的评价就一以人物的行为是否合“理”为准则,象汉高祖、唐太宗等治国平天下的功绩也被一笔抹杀,因为他们都出于利欲之心,不合仁义的。对此,今人多提出过批评。但是,朱熹
Zhu Xi, a Neo-Confucianist, has made many comments on historical figures. A great deal of content has been preserved in the Zhuzi Class and Zhu Wengong’s Collected Works. What are the criteria and principles for Zhu Xi’s evaluation of historical figures? Needless to say, “. He once said: ”On both ancient and modern characters, in order to be right and wrong, they exist in ancient and modern characters.“ ”They also said:“ After this righteousness has been given a righteousness, Therefore, when Zhu Xi introduced this ”justice “ into the social field and turned it into the principles of ethics and morality of the feudal society such as righteousness and righteousness, monarchs and sons, loyalty and filial piety, etc. , His evaluation of historical figures is based on whether the actions of the characters are in accordance with the principle of ”rule of law." For example, the achievements of the Han emperor and Emperor Taizong in their rule over the country are also obliterated because they are out of the heart of desires Unjust and righteous. In response, many people have put forward criticism. However, Zhu Xi