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在耐旱性筛选设施内对一套水稻重组自交系群体(共185个株系)进行两年的水分胁迫和非胁迫处理,调查每穗颖花数(SNP)、单边柱头外露率(PSES)、双边柱头外露率(PDES)和柱头总外露率(PES)等4个开花相关性状。方差分析结果显示年份、株系和水分处理,以及相互间互作的效应均达显著水平。表型相关以PSES和PES间最高(r=0.9752***),其次为PDES和PES(r=0.7150***),最次为PSES和PDES间(r=0.5424***)。利用203个SSR标记建立的连锁图,胁迫和非胁迫条件下各检测到6个SNP的主效QTL,3～4个PSES、PDES和PES的主效QTL;检测到1～9对上位性QTL影响颖花数和柱头外露率。大部分加性和上位性效应的贡献率较低(0.76%～9.92%),仅有少数QTL或上位性QTL解释总方差的10%以上。一些主效和上位性QTL在PSES、PDES和PES间被共同检测到,解释了不同柱头外露率指标间高度正相关关系。几乎没有在水分胁迫和非胁迫两种条件下都检测到的QTL,暗示着干旱对颖花数和柱头外露率有严重的影响。
A set of rice recombinant inbred lines (185 lines) were subjected to two years of water stress and non-stress treatment in a drought-resistant screening facility to investigate the number of spikes per spike (SNP) and unilateral stigma exsertion rate PSES, PDES and PES. Analysis of variance showed that year, the effect of strain and water treatment, and mutual interaction reached a significant level. The phenotypic correlation was highest between PSES and PES (r = 0.9752 ***), followed by PDES and PES (r = 0.7150 ***) and the second was between PSES and PDES (r = 0.5424 ***). The main QTLs for 6 major SNPs and 3 to 4 PSES, PDES and PES were detected under the stress and non-stress conditions using 203 SSR markers. One to nine pairs of epistatic QTLs Affect the number of spikes and stigma exsertion rate. The contribution rate of most additive and epistatic effects was low (0.76% ~ 9.92%). Only a few QTLs or epistatic QTLs accounted for more than 10% of the total variance. Some major and epistatic QTLs were detected in PSES, PDES and PES, which explained the positive correlation between different stigma exsertion rates. Few QTLs were detected under both water stress and non-stress conditions, suggesting that drought has a serious impact on the number of spikes and stigma exsertion.