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【目的】探明火龙果(Hylocereus costaricensis)果腐病中的一种新的病原菌。【方法】以云南省元江水果市场上发现的一种新病害为供试材料,应用分离培养、柯赫氏法则、形态学观察、寄主范围研究和ITS序列测定,对病原菌进行鉴定。【结果】该病由霜霉目白秀科桃吉尔霉(Gilbertella persicaria)引起,病原菌侵入火龙果2~3 d后最初呈现淡褐色、水渍状小病斑;随即接种点病斑不断扩大,6 d后至使整个果实腐烂,病果表面长出大量浅白色菌丝体和淡褐色孢子囊。该病原菌致病力受宿主种类和品种影响,接种3 d后的红肉火龙果发病程度较白肉火龙果重,且能引起带伤口桃、梨果实腐烂。桃吉尔霉在30℃、黑暗条件下生长最好。【结论】本文首次报道我国火龙果采后果腐病由桃吉尔霉引起,以30℃、黑暗为最适生长条件,宿主范围广,致病力强。
【Objective】 To identify a new pathogen in fruit rot of Hylocereus costaricensis. 【Method】 A new disease discovered on the market of fruits in Yuanjiang of Yunnan Province was used as test material. Pathogenic bacteria were identified by isolation and culture, Koch’s law, morphological observation, host range study and ITS sequence determination. 【Results】 The disease was caused by Gilbertella persicaria. After the pathogen invaded the dragon fruit for 2 ~ 3 d, it initially showed a light brown and watery lesion. After d to make the entire fruit decay, the surface of the fruit grow a large number of pale white mycelium and light brown sporangia. The pathogenicity of the pathogen was influenced by the host species and variety. The incidence of red meat dragon fruit after 3 days of inoculation was heavier than that of white meat dragon fruit and could cause decay of peach and pear fruits with wounds. Chrysogenum grew best at 30 ° C in the dark. 【Conclusion】 This paper reports for the first time that the postharvest rot of fruits of Chinese dragon fruit is caused by Taji mold, with 30 ℃ and darkness as the optimal growth conditions, with a wide host range and strong pathogenicity.