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目的通过评价陕西省燃煤型氟中毒十二五规划完成情况,为制定该省燃煤型氟中毒十三五规划提供理论依据。方法依据国家和省级《地方病防治“十二五”规划终期考核评估方案》的要求,2015年在陕西省燃煤型氟中毒病区安康市选择汉滨区和汉中市选择镇巴县,每县(区)各随机选择2个镇每镇各随机选择2个村,共计2县4镇8个村做为调查对象,其中学生200人,家庭主妇80人。调查村8~12周岁所有在校儿童采用Deans法进行氟斑牙检查,随机抽取8~12周岁儿童50名采集尿样,按照WS/T 89-1996《尿中氟化物的测定离子选择电极法》检测尿氟含量,依据WS/T 256-2005《人群尿氟正常值》进行评价。结果制定了防氟炉具后期管理办法,建立了长效工作机制。陕西省燃煤型氟中毒病区学生及家庭主妇健康教育知晓率分别为98.17%和95.83%,防氟炉具完好率各村镇均达到100.00%。儿童氟斑牙检出率及尿氟几何均值分别为13.17%和(0.33±0.29)mg/L。结论陕西省燃煤型氟中毒病区全部落实了以改炉改灶为主的综合防治措施,燃煤型氟中毒流行趋势得到明显遏制,今后应继续加强健康教育和防氟炉具的后期管理工作,引导病区群众积极使用清洁能源。
Objective To evaluate the completion of the 12th Five-Year Plan for Coal-Fluorinated Poisoning in Shaanxi Province and provide a theoretical basis for formulating the 13th Five-Year Plan for Coal-Fluorinated Poisoning in this province. Methods According to the requirements of national and provincial “endemic disease prevention and control” “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” final assessment and assessment program, in 2015, Anping City, Shaanxi Province, coal-based fluorosis area selected Hanbin District and Hanzhong City, Each county (district) randomly selected 2 counties. Each town randomly selected 2 villages and a total of 2 counties, 4 towns and 8 villages as the survey subjects, including 200 students and 80 housewives. Survey of children aged 8 to 12 years of school children Deans method for dental fluoroscopy, were randomly selected 50 children aged 8 to 12 urine samples collected according to WS / T 89-1996 “Determination of urinary fluoride ion-selective electrode method ”Detection of urinary fluoride content, according to WS / T 256-2005“ crowd urine fluoride normal ”for evaluation. Results The formulation of a post-anti-fluoride stove management approach, the establishment of a long-term working mechanism. The awareness rate of health education among students and housewives in Shaanxi Province with coal-burning fluorosis area was 98.17% and 95.83%, respectively. The rate of well-developed anti-fluoride stoves reached 100.00% in all villages and towns. The detection rate of dental fluorosis and geometric mean urinary fluoride in children were 13.17% and 0.33 ± 0.29 mg / L, respectively. Conclusions All the coal-burning fluorosis areas in Shaanxi Province have all implemented the comprehensive prevention and control measures based on reformer and reformer. The epidemic trend of coal-based fluorosis has been obviously checked. In the future, we should continue to strengthen the post-management of health education and anti-fluoride stoves Work, guide the ward masses to actively use clean energy.