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目的寻找中国海南岛一带登革热疫区，登革病毒潜伏的动物宿主及鉴定其毒株型别。方法采用１－４型登革病毒通用引物，用逆转录－聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）检测海南岛登革热流行区蝙蝠脑细胞，血清和埃及伊蚊的登革病毒ＲＮＡ。结果检测３５例疫区蝙蝠脑细胞，２０例阳性；检测１８例蝙蝠血清，３例阳性；检测三组埃及伊蚊，１组阳性，３组非流行区者都阴性。用４个登革病毒原型株的单克隆荧光抗体技术检测２０例登革病毒ＲＮＡ阳性的蝙蝠脑细胞压印片，１６例为２型株阳性，与ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测登革热流行区登革病毒ＲＮＡ阳性蝙蝠脑细胞的阳性符合率为８０００％。用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测非流行区蝙蝠脑细胞登革病毒ＲＮＡ，均为阴性。结论本研究证实蝙蝠是登革病毒的贮存宿主，为登革热流行的有效控制提供了一定重要的线索。
Objective To search for the dengue fever-infected area in Hainan Island, China, and to study the latent strain of dengue virus. Methods The dengue virus RNAs of bat cells, serum and Aedes aegypti of Aedes mosquito in Hainan Island were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using dengue virus universal primers 1-4. Results 35 bats of brain cells were detected in batches of infected bats, 20 were positive. 18 bat bats were detected in serum and 3 were positive. Three groups of Aedes aegypti were tested. One group was positive and the other three were non-endemic. Twenty dengue virus RNA-positive bat brain cells were stained with monoclonal antibody against four dengue virus strains. Sixteen were positive for type 2 strain. Dengue virus RNA was detected by RT-PCR The positive coincidence rate of positive bat brain cells was 8000%. RT-PCR detection of non-endemic bats brain cell dengue virus RNA, were negative. Conclusion The present study confirmed that bats are the host of Dengue virus and provided some important clues for the effective control of dengue fever.