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我国南方诸省区,有大量荒山急待绿化。如何利用南方优越的自然条件,加速荒山绿化,发展林业,改善生态环境,具有重大的战略意义。为此,我们于今年五、六月前往闽东南的仙游县进行实地考察,初步探讨了荒山绿化的有关问题。 仙游县位于福建省东南沿海,全县土地面积273.73万亩(1824.85平方公里),现有人口766,700余人。境内多山,属戴云山系。北部山区地势较高,海拔高度一般为600—800米,山峰多在1000米以上。山区面积约占总面积的81％。中、南部为平原丘陵区,海拔高度为50—100米,约占总面积的19％。县内属南亚热带海洋性季风气候,年均温度20.2℃,月均最高温度33.3℃,月均最低温度7.3℃。常年降水量在1,400—2,300毫米,雨量多集中在3—9月,约占年雨量的85％。夏秋季常有风暴雨,冬春少雨,形成明显的干湿季。常年霜期约二个月。气候温暖,雨量充沛,优越的气候条件适宜于多种农作物和草、木本植物的生长繁衍。现有耕地面积为36.9万亩,占总土地面积的13.5％。林业用地190万亩,占总土地面积的69％。林业发展潜力极大。原来森林茂密树种繁多,绝大部分山地均为森林所覆盖。现在除一般用材林、经济林树种外,还散生有樟、花(木吕)木、红豆杉、建柏等珍贵树种,森林覆盖率大约为22％左右。
Provinces and provinces in southern China, a large number of barren hills urgent green. How to make use of the superior natural conditions in southern China, accelerate the afforestation of barren hills, develop forestry and improve the ecological environment is of great strategic significance. To this end, we went to Xiangyou County in southeastern Fujian Province to conduct site visits in May and June this year, and discussed some issues related to barren hill afforestation. Xianyou County is located in the southeast coast of Fujian Province, the county land area of 273.73 hectares (1824.85 square kilometers), the existing population of 766,700 people. In the mountainous, Dai Yunshan Department. The northern mountainous terrain is high, the altitude is generally 600-800 meters, peaks more than 1,000 meters. Mountainous area accounts for about 81% of the total area. Middle and southern plains hilly area, the elevation of 50-100 meters, accounting for 19% of the total area. The county belongs to the southern subtropical maritime monsoon climate, with an average annual temperature of 20.2 ℃, the highest monthly average temperature of 33.3 ℃, the lowest monthly average temperature of 7.3 ℃. Annual precipitation in the 1,400-2,300 mm, rainfall mostly concentrated in the March-September, accounting for about 85% of annual rainfall. Summer and autumn often stormy, winter and spring less rain, forming a clear dry season. Annual frost period of about two months. Warm climate, abundant rainfall, superior climatic conditions suitable for a variety of crops and grass, woody plant growth and reproduction. The existing cultivated land area is 369,000 mu, accounting for 13.5% of the total land area. 190 million mu of forestry land, accounting for 69% of the total land area. Forestry has great potential for development. The original dense forests of trees, most of the mountains are covered by forests. Now in addition to the general use of timber forests, economic forest tree species, but also loose scattered camphor, flowers (wood Lu) wood, yew, Jian Bai and other valuable species, the forest coverage rate of about 22%.