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轴向受压筒壳的屈曲载荷,在理论和实验结果之间的重大差别,是大家熟知的。本文介绍一个试验方案的结果,该方案是为了弄清楚上述差别的原因而专门设计的。用电沉积制造出十个标称相同的镍圆筒,且在静荷和控制端缩短条件两者下作了试验。试验结果指出:在通常实验室条件下,屈曲载荷与其说依赖于试验环境,不如说依赖于试件本身的特性。在静荷和控制端缩短条件下,屈曲载荷是相同的。当加载时,在相当低的载荷水平上,一阵疾风,可以引起屈曲。尽量减少试件的初始缺陷会大大提高屈曲载荷,同时,后屈曲最小平衡载荷,对初始缺陷相对地不敏感。
The buckling load of an axially compressed shell is well known in the art for the significant differences between theoretical and experimental results. This article presents the results of a pilot program that was specifically designed to understand the reasons for the differences. Ten nominally identical nickel cylinders were produced by electrodeposition and tested under both static charge and control end shortening conditions. The test results show that under normal laboratory conditions, the buckling load depends not so much on the test environment as it depends on the characteristics of the specimen itself. The buckling load is the same under static and control shortening conditions. When loaded, at very low load levels, a blast can cause buckling. Minimizing the initial defect of the specimen will greatly increase the buckling load, while the minimum post-buckling equilibrium load is relatively insensitive to the initial defect.