论文部分内容阅读
目的了解医学实习生血源性物质职业暴露情况,并分析其影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,对某医学院护理、临床、检验医学专业的510名实习生进行问卷调查,数据统计分析用SAS 9.1软件。结果实习1年期间,27.70%(141/509)发生过血源性物质暴露,溅入黏膜占31.19%,针头等锐器伤占66.06%,沾染伤口等其他暴露占2.75%,暴露后68.93%进行了登记,84.47%进行了立即处理;单因素分析结果表明:文化程度、专业、防护知识、培训情况与血源性物质暴露有统计学联系(P<0.05);多元logistic回归分析显示,护理和检验专业以及不知道如何处理锐利废弃物是发生血源性物质暴露的独立危险因素,与临床专业相比,护理和检验专业的学生血源性物质暴露的风险分别增高64%和287%,不知道如何处理用过的锐利废弃物者发生血源性物质暴露的风险是知道者的1.64倍。结论医学实习生存在较高的血源性物质暴露率,主要与专业和锐利废弃物处理不当有关。
Objective To understand occupational exposure to blood-borne substances in medical trainees and analyze the influencing factors. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 510 trainees in nursing, clinical medicine and laboratory medicine in a medical school. The data were statistically analyzed with SAS 9.1 software. Results During the 1-year internship, blood-borne material was exposed in 27.70% (141/509), with 31.19% sputum mucosa, 66.06% sharp needle and other injuries, 2.75% exposure to contaminated wounds and 68.93% (84.47%) were treated immediately. The results of univariate analysis showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between educational level, professional knowledge, protective knowledge and training and blood-borne substance exposure (P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that nursing And testing expertise and do not know how to deal with sharp waste is an independent risk factor for the occurrence of blood-borne substances exposure, and the risk of exposure to blood-borne substances of nursing and testing majors is increased by 64% and 287%, respectively, compared with the clinical specialty, I do not know how to deal with the use of sharp waste, the risk of exposure to blood-borne substances is 1.64 times that of those who know. Conclusion Medical trainees have higher exposure rate of blood-borne substances, mainly related to the improper handling of professional and sharp waste.